Recurrent Pregnancy Loss – Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment

What Is Recurrent Pregnancy Loss?

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) refers to having two or more consecutive miscarriages before 20 weeks of pregnancy. It can be emotionally devastating for couples who are trying to conceive. The causes of RPL are varied and often complex, involving genetic, hormonal, anatomical, or immune factors. Understanding the underlying cause is essential for effective treatment and future pregnancy success.

Common Causes of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

There are several reasons why recurrent miscarriages may occur. Genetic abnormalities in the embryo, uterine structural problems, hormonal imbalances, and immune system dysfunction are common causes. Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders, or uncontrolled diabetes can also contribute. Additionally, lifestyle factors like smoking, obesity, or excessive stress may increase the risk of miscarriage. Identifying the cause helps in creating a personalized treatment plan for each woman.

Diagnosis and Investigations

Diagnosis begins with a detailed medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. At ISHA IVF & Fertility Center, specialists perform advanced investigations such as genetic testing, ultrasound scans, hysteroscopy, and immune profiling. Blood tests help detect hormonal issues or clotting disorders that could lead to miscarriage. With accurate diagnosis, the chances of preventing another loss increase significantly.

Hormonal and Genetic Treatments

When hormonal imbalances are identified, medications are prescribed to regulate progesterone or thyroid hormones. In cases where genetic issues are the cause, preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) during IVF can help select healthy embryos for transfer. This reduces the risk of miscarriage and improves pregnancy outcomes.